7+ バチカン 市 国 歴史 Article
Introduction
Vatican City, officially known as the Vatican City State, is an independent city-state enclaved within Rome, Italy. It is the smallest country in the world, with a population of approximately 800 people. The Vatican is the spiritual and administrative center of the Roman Catholic Church and holds great significance to millions of people worldwide.
The Early Days
The Vatican City has a rich and complex history, dating back to the early days of Christianity. In the 4th century, Emperor Constantine built the first basilica on the site of St. Peter's Basilica to honor the apostle Peter, who was martyred in Rome. Over the years, the Vatican became an important cultural and religious center, attracting pilgrims and scholars from all over the world.
The Papal States
In the Middle Ages, the Vatican was part of the Papal States, which encompassed much of central Italy. The Popes ruled over the Papal States for centuries, using their power and influence to shape the political and cultural landscape of Europe. During this time, the Vatican became a center of art and learning, attracting some of the greatest minds of the Renaissance.
The Unification of Italy
In 1870, the Papal States were dissolved in the wake of the unification of Italy. The Pope, who had been the ruler of the Papal States, became a "prisoner in the Vatican" and refused to leave the city for over 50 years. During this time, the Vatican became a symbol of resistance against the new Italian state and a center of Catholicism worldwide.
The Lateran Treaty
In 1929, the Vatican and Italy signed the Lateran Treaty, which recognized the Vatican City as a sovereign state. This treaty also established diplomatic relations between the Vatican and Italy, ending years of tension between the two countries. The Vatican became a member of the United Nations in 1964, and today maintains diplomatic relations with over 170 countries worldwide.
The Vatican Today
Today, the Vatican is a bustling city-state with its own government, currency, and postal system. It is home to some of the world's most famous landmarks, including St. Peter's Basilica, the Sistine Chapel, and the Vatican Museums. The Vatican also plays an important role in global politics, advocating for human rights and social justice on a global scale.
The Vatican and the Catholic Church
The Vatican is the spiritual center of the Roman Catholic Church, and the Pope is the head of the Church. The Vatican plays an important role in shaping the doctrine and teachings of the Catholic Church, and is responsible for promoting the values and teachings of the Church worldwide. The Vatican is also home to many religious orders and congregations, who carry out important work in areas such as education, healthcare, and social justice.
The Future of the Vatican
The Vatican remains an important spiritual and cultural center for millions of people worldwide. As the world changes, the Vatican will continue to adapt to new challenges and opportunities, while remaining true to its core values and teachings. The Vatican is committed to promoting peace, justice, and human rights, and will continue to play an important role in shaping the course of world events in the years to come.
Conclusion
The history of the Vatican City is a fascinating and complex story, spanning centuries of cultural, political, and religious change. Today, the Vatican remains an important center of Catholicism and a symbol of hope and inspiration for millions of people around the world.
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