7+ 中国歴史ざっくり References

Introduction

China is one of the world's oldest civilizations, with a history that stretches back over 5,000 years. From the Xia dynasty to the present day, China has undergone numerous changes and has played a significant role in shaping the world we live in today. In this article, we will take a look at China's rich history, from its earliest beginnings to the present day.

The Xia, Shang, and Zhou Dynasties

The Xia dynasty, which is believed to have existed from around 2100 BCE to 1600 BCE, was the first dynasty in Chinese history. It was followed by the Shang dynasty, which lasted from around 1600 BCE to 1046 BCE. The Shang dynasty was known for its advances in bronze metallurgy, as well as its use of oracle bones for divination. The Zhou dynasty, which succeeded the Shang dynasty, lasted from 1046 BCE to 256 BCE and saw the rise of Confucianism and Taoism.

The Qin and Han Dynasties

The Qin dynasty, which lasted from 221 BCE to 206 BCE, was the first dynasty to unify China under a single rule. It was during this time that the Great Wall of China was built. The Han dynasty, which succeeded the Qin dynasty, lasted from 206 BCE to 220 CE and is considered to be one of the golden ages of Chinese civilization. It was during this time that the Silk Road was established, and the invention of paper and the compass took place.

The Tang and Song Dynasties

The Tang dynasty, which lasted from 618 CE to 907 CE, was known for its advances in poetry, painting, and music. It was during this time that Buddhism became more widespread in China. The Song dynasty, which succeeded the Tang dynasty, lasted from 960 CE to 1279 CE and saw the emergence of Neo-Confucianism. It was also during this time that the first gunpowder weapons were invented.

The Yuan, Ming, and Qing Dynasties

The Yuan dynasty, which lasted from 1279 CE to 1368 CE, was established by Kublai Khan and saw the introduction of paper money. The Ming dynasty, which succeeded the Yuan dynasty, lasted from 1368 CE to 1644 CE and was known for its advances in porcelain production and shipbuilding. The Qing dynasty, which succeeded the Ming dynasty, lasted from 1644 CE to 1912 CE and was the last imperial dynasty in Chinese history.

The 20th Century and Beyond

In the early 20th century, China underwent significant political and social changes. The fall of the Qing dynasty in 1912 led to the establishment of the Republic of China. However, political instability continued, and in 1949, the Communist Party of China established the People's Republic of China. Since then, China has undergone significant economic growth and modernization, becoming one of the world's leading economies.

Conclusion

China's rich history is a testament to its enduring civilization and its contributions to the world. From its earliest beginnings to the present day, China has undergone numerous changes and has played a significant role in shaping the world we live in today. Understanding China's history is essential to understanding its culture, traditions, and values.

References:

China Highlights. (2021). Chinese History Timeline: Dynasties, Events, and Facts. Retrieved from https://www.chinahighlights.com/travelguide/china-history/chinese-history-timeline.htm
Encyclopedia Britannica. (2021). China. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/place/China